Biophysical Society Newsletter - October 2016

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BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER

2016

OCTOBER

Jeanne Small moved often in her childhood. “I am a ‘military brat,’ first US Army, then US Air Force,” she says. “I was born in Germany, then lived all around the eastern United States.” While she was in elementary school, Small’s father earned his PhD in electrical engineering, giving her an inside look at what it was like to do research for a dissertation. Small also had a grandfather who was a chemist employed in water quality management. “The family connection was so important to me for feeling connected to science,” Small shares, “especially in an era when there weren’t too many females in science.” Small and her father did math problems together: “I always had a study partner to go to when I struggled with a concept,” she says. In addition to encouraging her to take all the math and sci- ence courses she could, he found creative ways to engage her interest and skill in STEM. “My father was substantially deaf, so he did things like bring home an oscilloscope to use to tune our piano, and required me to calculate frequencies in the process,” Small says. As a young child, Small wanted to grow up to be a baseball Biophysicist in Profile JEANNE SMALL

I never had one in front of me on a day-to-day basis. I never had professional women role models until I worked as a program officer at the National Science Foundation (NSF) in 2004." Small’s father’s last military assignment was in San Antonio, Texas, and that station led her to her first research position. “When I graduated high school, I was able to participate in a sum- mer research program at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center as a ‘Junior Science Trainee,’” she says. “I was assigned to a project in a biochemistry labora- tory that included circular dichroism studies of conformational changes of cell surface glycopro- teins. I struggled to understand circular dichroism spectroscopy, to the point where all through col- lege I asked questions and participated in research that engaged the connection between light and biological macromolecules. Hence the interest in biophysics!” When she started her undergraduate studies in 1976, there were not many biophysics programs in the United States. She decided to study chem- istry at Trinity University in San Antonio. “I figured I could work in the ‘bio’ and ‘physics’ of biophysics around a chemistry education,” she says. “The burden would be on me to make the connections, but I felt I could do it.” After graduating in 1980 with her bachelor's de- gree in chemistry, she attended Harvard Univer- sity and earned her master’s degree in 1982 and her doctorate in 1985. “While a graduate student, a fellow student set up an experimental apparatus based on pulsed-laser photoacoustics, with the goal of using it as a calorimeter to understand the thermodynamics of reactions initiated with light. I added a direct kinetic measurement component to it while working with biological molecules that refused to behave the way I thought they would,” says Small. “The whole process involved really understanding a Jablonski diagram, and thinking through all the deactivation pathways a molecule

Jeanne Small

umpire or ice hockey referee. “I was interested in careers where women might fit in if they were talented enough,” she says. De- spite this interest in careers that were unconventional for women, she found it hard to imagine a career as a scientist, due to lack of role models. As she grew up, she decided she wanted to become a medical doctor. “[I]

Small with husband Enoch Small.

quickly changed my mind after my first col- lege physics class,” she says. “I truly wanted to do biophysics.” The lack of female role models continued into her college career — and beyond. “I never had a college professor, chair, dean, or president who was female while I was a student or professor,” Small says. “There were women in college positions whom I saw from a distance, but